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  ANTONYMS

            An ‘antonym’ is often defined as a “word that is contrary in meaning to another”. It is nothing but a word opposite in meaning to the given word. It so happens sometimes that we need to supply an antonym to the given word based on the context in which it is used. As such, anantonym can be opposite in – meaning, gender, status, location, degree, nature and so forth. So,to pick up an antonym to the given word, we need to be provided with the information in which the given word is placed and is in the requirement of its opposite.
           Antonyms form an integral part of the English Language. Acquaintance with the vocabulary of the English language is a necessity for effective expression either in the written or in the oral from. Antonyms are the negative connotation of a particular word. So, it is a word or phrase that is opposite in meaning to a particular word or a phrase in the same language.
           We must remember the following hints to be quite alert while choosing an antonym to thegiven word.
* We should bear in mind that an antonym must be in the same part of speech in which the given word is.

*  We should note that the answer should be in the same tense form in which the given word is.
*  We must pay due attention to the fact that generally the question paper setters include a synonym in the alternative choices, given for the answer of the key word.
* Often the alternative answers are in Active as well as in Passive Voice. The correct answer is that which is similar in voice to the key word.
            An antonym is a word opposite in meaning to another word but similar to it in most other respects. For example, tall and short are opposite in meaning but both are the same parts of speech (adjectives) and would take the same position in a sentence (before the noun they modify).
            Antonyms tend to be adjectives, adverbs and verbs, with relatively few nouns qualifying as true antonyms. For example high (an adjective), slowly (an adverb) and “to fast” (a verb) all have antonyms, while “table” (a noun) does not.
            It is meant to help to improve the vocabulary of the visitors, the students (who are preparing for various examinations), the authors, journalists, literati and all other people who are interested in improving their language skills.

Requirement of appropriate word for the appropriate occasion is inevitable because only with a good knowledge of words one can express the thoughts and feelings meticulously.


COMMIT TO MEMORY
Antonyms can be formed in three ways:
1. By adding a prefix like – un, non, dis, mis, anti, de, il, im, in, ir, mal
2. By adding a suffix like – less, ful,
3. By using a new word

 

MODEL QUESTIONS

Directions(Q. 1-18): Select the antonym of the given word.

1. Genuine
1) Affectionate          2) Deceitful          3) Unwholesome           4) Hilarious
Explanation: The given word means "authentic, real, actual, original". Option 2 means "dishonest, untruthful, lying, mendacious, insincere, false". Therefore, the correct answer is option 2. Option 1 means "loving, fond, adoring, devoted, caring"; option 3 means "unhealthy, noxious, poisonous, unnourishing" and option 4 means "very funny, extremely amusing, hysterically funny".
Ans: 2

 

2. Unprejudiced
1) Antagonistic      2) Biased        3) Aversion          4) Apprehensive
Explanation: The given word means "objective, impartial, unbiased, fair, neutral, evenhanded". Option 2 means "unfairly prejudiced for or against someone or something". Therefore, the correct answer is option 2. Option 1 means "hostile, opposed, inimical, antipathetic, unsympathetic"; option 3 means "dislike of, distaste for, disinclination, abhorrence, hatred" and option 4 means "anxious, alarmed, worried, uneasy, nervous, concerned, agitated, restless, edgy, on edge, fidgety, tense, strained, stressed, neurotic, panicky, afraid, scared, frightened, fearful, terrified, on tenterhooks, trepidatious, stressed, worried, uneasy, concerned".
Ans: 2

 

3. Incandescent
1) Vibrant        2) Fragile         3) Dim         4) Adroit
Explanation: The given word means "emitting light as a result of being heated". Option 3 means "(of a light, color, or illuminated object) not shining brightly or clearly". Therefore, the correct answer is option 3. Option 1 means "full of energy and enthusiasm"; option 2 means "(of an object) easily broken or damaged" and option 4 means "clever or skillful in using the hands or mind".
Ans: 3

 

4. Reverence
1) Plagiarize          2) Superficial           3) Truncated         4) Contempt
Explanation: The given word means "deep respect for someone or something". Option 4 means "the feeling that a person or a thing is beneath consideration, worthless, or deserving scorn". Therefore, the correct answer is option 4. Option 1 means "take (the work or an idea of someone else) and pass it off as one's own"; option 2 means "existing or occurring at or on the surface" and option 3 means “shortened (something) by cutting off the top or the end”.
Ans: 4

 

5. Corpulent
1) Rotund         2) Trivial         3) Skinny          4) Gloomy
Explanation: The given word means "(of a person) fat". Option 3 means "(of a person or part of their body) unattractively thin". Therefore, the correct answer is option 3. Option 1 means "(of a person) large and plump"; option 2 means "of little value or importance" and option 4 means "dark or poorly lit, especially so as to appear depressing or frightening; it also means sad, depressed".
Ans: 3

 

6. Brash
1) Timid        2) Unruly         3) Hoarse          4) Passionate
Explanation: The given word means "selfassertive in a rude, noisy, or dominating way". Option 1 means "showing a lack of courage or confidence; easily frightened 1". Therefore, the correct answer is option 1. Option 2 means "disorderly and disruptive and not amenable to discipline or control"; option 3 means "(of a person's voice) sounding rough and harsh, typically as the result of a sore throat or of shouting" and option 4 means "having, showing, or caused by strong feelings or beliefs".
Ans: 1

 

7. Putrid
1) Pungent           2) Overpowering          3) Perfumed           4) Delightful
Explanation: The given word means "(of organic matter) decaying, decomposing or rotting and emitting a foul smell". Option 3 means "naturally having or producing a sweet, pleasant smell". Therefore, the correct answer is option 3. Option 1 means "having a sharply strong taste or smell"; option 2 means "extremely strong or intense; overwhelming; dominating" and option 4 means "causing delight; charming".
Ans: 3

 

8. Illustrate
1) Defame        2) Obscure         3) Detain         4) Absolve
Explanation: The given word means "explain or make (something) clear by using examples, charts, pictures, etc.". Option 2 means "make unclear and difficult to understand". Therefore, the correct answer is option 2. Option 1 means "damage the good reputation of (someone)"; option 3 means "keep (someone) from proceeding by holding them back or making claims on their attention" and option 4 means "declare (someone) free from guilt, obligation, or punishment".
Ans: 2

 

9. Annoy
1) Burden         2) Chasm        3) Smoothen       4) Appease
Explanation: The given word means "make (someone) a little angry; irritate". Option 4 means "pacify or placate (someone) by acceding to their demands". Therefore, the correct answer is option 4. Option 1 means "load heavily"; option 2 means "a deep fissure in the earth's surface" and option 3 means "give (something) a flat, regular surface or appearance".
Ans: 4

 

10. Terminate
1) Liberate            2) Enhance           3) Aggravate            4) Hire
Explanation: The given word means "end, conclude; end the employment of (someone); dismiss". Option 4 means "employ (someone) for wages". Therefore, the correct answer is option 4. Option 1 means "set (someone) free from imprisonment, slavery, or oppression"; option 2 means "intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of" and option 3 means "make (a problem, injury, or offence) worse or more serious".
Ans: 4

 

11. Scarcity
1) Deficiency          2) Paucity         3) Abundance            4) Extraneous
Explanation: The given word means "the state of being scarce or in short supply; shortage". Option 3 means "a very large quantity of something". Therefore, the correct answer is option 3. Option 1 means "a lack or shortage"; option 2 means "the presence of something in only small or insufficient quantities or amounts" and option 4 means "irrelevant or unrelated to the subject being dealt with".
Ans: 3

 

12. Abbreviate
1) Condense          2) Extend            3) Pressurize          4) Comfort
Explanation: The given word means "shorten (a word, phrase, or text); shorten the duration of; cut short". Option 2 means "cause to cover a wider area; make larger". Therefore, the correct answer is option 2. Option 1 means "make (something) denser or more concentrated"; option 3 means "produce or maintain raised pressure artificially in (a gas or its container)" and option 4 means "a state of physical ease and freedom from pain or constraint".
Ans: 2

 

13. Kindle
1) Dowse           2) Despise           3) Slaughter           4) Dishearten
Explanation: The given word means "set (something) on fire". Option 1 means "extinguish (a fire or light)". Therefore, the correct answer is option 1. Option 2 means "feel contempt or a deep repugnance for"; option 3 means "kill (animals) for food; kill (people or animals) in a cruel or violent way, typically in large numbers" and option 4 means "cause (someone) to lose determination or confidence".
Ans: 1

 

14. Inadequate
1) Benevolent       2) Liberal           3) Considerate           4) Ample
Explanation: The given word means "lacking the quality or quantity required; insufficient for a purpose". Option 4 means "enough or more than enough; plentiful". Therefore, the correct answer is option 4. Option 1 means "wellmeaning, kind-hearted"; option 2 means "will ing to respect or accept behavior or opinions different from one's own; open to new ideas; also generous" and option 3 means "careful not to inconvenience or harm others; also showing careful thought".
Ans: 4

 

15. Unsophisticated
1) Apprentice            2) Urbane           3) Devout          4) Debutante
Explanation: The given word means "lacking refined worldly knowledge, culture or tastes". Option 2 means "(of a person) courteous and refined in manner". Therefore, the correct answer is option 2. Option 1 means "a person who is learning a trade from a skilled employer, having agreed to work for a fixed period at low wages"; option 3 means "having or showing deep religious feeling or commitment" and option 4 means "a woman making her first public appearance, especially in sport".
Ans: 2

 

16. Zenith
1) Paramount          2) Summit            3) Nadir            4) Bygone
Explanation: The given word means "the point in the sky or celestial sphere directly above an observer". Option 3 means "the point on the celestial sphere directly below an observer". Therefore, the correct answer is option 3. Option 1 means "more important than anything else; supreme"; option 2 means "the highest point of a hill or mountain" and option 4 means "belonging to an earlier time".
Ans: 3

 

17. Irritable
1) Unwavering            2) Even-tempered           3) Judicious           4) Inflexible
Explanation: The given word means "having or showing a tendency to be easily annoyed". Option 2 means "not easily annoyed or made angry; calm and composed". Therefore, the correct answer is option 2. Option 1 means "not wavering; steady or resolute"; option 3 means "having, showing, or done with good judgement or sense" and option 4 means "unwilling to change or compromise".
Ans: 2

 

18. Haughty
1) Trifling          2) Appropriate           3) Grim         4) Humble
Explanation: The given word means "arrogantly superior and disdainful". Option 4 means "having or showing a modest or low estimate of one's importance". Therefore, the correct answer is option 4. Option 1 means "unimportant or trivial"; option 2 means "suitable or proper in the circumstances" and option 3 means "very serious or gloomy".
Ans: 4

Posted Date : 08-01-2022

గమనిక : ప్రతిభ.ఈనాడు.నెట్‌లో కనిపించే వ్యాపార ప్రకటనలు వివిధ దేశాల్లోని వ్యాపారులు, సంస్థల నుంచి వస్తాయి. మరి కొన్ని ప్రకటనలు పాఠకుల అభిరుచి మేరకు కృత్రిమ మేధస్సు సాంకేతికత సాయంతో ప్రదర్శితమవుతుంటాయి. ఆ ప్రకటనల్లోని ఉత్పత్తులను లేదా సేవలను పాఠకులు స్వయంగా విచారించుకొని, జాగ్రత్తగా పరిశీలించి కొనుక్కోవాలి లేదా వినియోగించుకోవాలి. వాటి నాణ్యత లేదా లోపాలతో ఈనాడు యాజమాన్యానికి ఎలాంటి సంబంధం లేదు. ఈ విషయంలో ఉత్తర ప్రత్యుత్తరాలకు, ఈ-మెయిల్స్ కి, ఇంకా ఇతర రూపాల్లో సమాచార మార్పిడికి తావు లేదు. ఫిర్యాదులు స్వీకరించడం కుదరదు. పాఠకులు గమనించి, సహకరించాలని మనవి.

 

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