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NUMBER SYSTEM

    A golden opportunity for Bank exams aspirants. Thousands of posts in SBI and other Banks. Out of five papers in the SBI clerk exam, Quantitative Aptitude plays major role. Arithmetic and Data Interpretation questions will be there in this paper. Arithmetic is the maths, which we use in our day-to-day life. As arithmetic chapters are there upto 10th class only all the aspirants inclusive of non-maths might have studied this. By understanding all the chapters thoroughly and with a lot of practice it is not difficult to solve all the questions of the paper. Also important is simplifications. Out of 40 questions in Q.A., 20 are simplification questions. Students need to mug up tables upto 20, squares of numbers upto 25 and cubes of numbers upto 15 to make simplifications easy. They also learn Speed Maths for solving simplification questions in seconds without pen. All the chapters in arithmetic have to be practiced thoroughly. Let us see all the chapters of arithmetic in detail.
Digit: 0 to 9 are the digits.
Number: By using digits we write numbers.
Face Value: The real value of the digit.
Place Value: The value of the digit according to the place.
e.g.: In 2794, the face value of 7 is '7'and the place value is '700'.


Classification of Numbers:
Odd Numbers
Numbers which are not divisible by 2
e.g.: 1, 3, 5, 7, .......


Even Numbers
Numbers which are divisible by 2
e.g.: 2, 4, 6, 8, .......


Natural Numbers
All counting numbers             e.g.: N = {1, 2, 3, ........}
Sum of first 'n' natural numbers is  
Sum of squares of first 'n' natural numbers is 
Sum of cubes of first 'n' natural numbers is   


Whole Numbers
0 and all natural numbers
e.g.: W = { 0, 1, 2, 3, ...}


Integers
Natural numbers, zero and negative of natural numbers
e.g.: I = { ........, -3, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2, +3, .......}


Rational Numbers
These are of the form of p/q, where q π 0
e.g.:  etc


Irrational Numbers
Can't be written in p/q form, where q ≠ 0
e.g.:  π  etc


Composite Numbers
Numbers having more than two factors


Prime Numbers
Numbers divisible by one and the number itself or numbers having only two factors.
e.g.: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, ...... etc
Some points about prime numbers
    *  All prime numbers end with 1, 3, 7 or 9 except 2 and 5.
    *  2 is the only even prime number.
    *  '1' is neither a prime nor composite number. It is a unitary.
    *  There are 25 prime numbers upto 100.


Twin prime numbers
The difference between two prime numbers is '2'.
e.g.: 3 - 5, 5 - 7, 11 - 13 etc


Co prime numbers
Numbers not having any common factors.
e.g.: 3, 5 and 8 are co primes to each other.


Some important Identities:

* (a + b)2 = a2 + b2 + 2ab
* (a − b)2 = a2 + b2 − 2ab
* (a + b) (a − b) = a2 − b2
*(a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3a2 b + 3ab2
* (a − b)3 = a3 − b3 − 3a2 b + 3ab2
* a3 + b3 = (a + b) (a2 − ab + b2)
* a3 − b3 = (a − b) (a2 + ab + b2)
* (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b+ c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ac
* a3 + b3 + c3 − 3abc = (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 − ab − bc − ac)


e.g.: 
    1) 2.01            2) 2             3) 1                 4) 1.93                5) None of these
Sol: It is based on the formula a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a− ab + b2)
         ∴ 1.07 + 0.93 = 2, hence answer (2).
  To solve the equations based on numbers, the number is written in algebraic form. 
For example let the number be x.

    The numerator of a fraction is written in the following form
Three-fourth of a number = 
Two-third of a number = 
Double of a number = 2x, Thrice of a number = 3x
20% of a number = 
30% of 3/4 of one-third of a number = 


 

e.g.: 1.  4/5  of  4/7  of  5/6  of  1218 = ?     (SBI 2008)
       (A) 415               (B) 384                (C) 492               (D) 346               (E) None of these
sol:    
         
hence answer (E)

2. One-seventh of a number is 51. What will be 64% of that number?       (SBI 2008)
    (A) 248.12          (B) 228.48           (C) 238.24          (D) 198.36             (E) None of these
Sol:  

  hence answer (E)

 

3. If 163 is subtracted from the square of a number, the answer so obtained is 3825. What is the number ?      (SBI 2008)
    (A) 69              (B) 59                     (C) 89                    (D) 79                   (E) None of these
Sol: Let the number be x  
        x2 − 163= 3825   x = 89
         hence answer (C).

4. If 922 is added to the square of a number, the answer so obtained is 3825. What is the number?          (SBI 2008)
      (A) 46            (B) 2304                (C) 48                    (D) 2116              (E) None of these
Sol: Let the number be x
        x2 + 922= 3825    x = 48
          hence answer (C).

 

5. If an amount of Rs. 97,836 is distributed equally amongst 31 children. How much amount would each child get?    (SBI 2008)
    (A) Rs.3,756        (B) Rs.3,556       (C) Rs. 3,356       (D) Rs. 3,156       (E) None of these 
Sol:     hence answer (D).
     Three consecutive odd numbers are x, (x+2) and (x+4), or (x-2), x and (x+2), where x is an odd number.
     Similarly, three consecutive even numbers are x, (x+2) and (x+4) or (x-2), x and (x+2) where x is an even number
     If a number 'a' is multiplied by itself for n times, the product is called n th power of
'a'. This is written as an.
     In an, a is called base and n is called index or exponent or power.

 

Laws of Indices


 

All simplification questions have to be solved based on BODMAS rule only.
  B - Bracket
  O - Of
  D - Division
  M - Multiplication
  A - Addition
  S - Subtraction
e.g. 1: What is 394 times 113? (SBI 2008)
    (A) 44402             (B) 44632              (C) 44802           (D) 44522         (E) None of these
Sol:   394 × 113 = 44522,     hence answer (D)

 

2. What approximate value should come in place of the question mark (?) in the following question?  4780 ÷ 296 × (23)2 = ?
   (A) 9870                (B) 6760                  (C)7590              (D) 3430           (E) 8540
Sol: 4780/296 × 529 = 8542.63
   Approximately 8540, hence answer(E)

 

3. When 40% of first number is added to the second number the second number becomes 1.2 times of itself. What is the ratio between the first and second numbers?
   (A) 2:3                  (B) 4:3                     (C) 1:2                  (D) 5:7                 (E) None of these
Sol: Let the first and second number be x and y

Posted Date : 08-02-2021

గమనిక : ప్రతిభ.ఈనాడు.నెట్‌లో కనిపించే వ్యాపార ప్రకటనలు వివిధ దేశాల్లోని వ్యాపారులు, సంస్థల నుంచి వస్తాయి. మరి కొన్ని ప్రకటనలు పాఠకుల అభిరుచి మేరకు కృత్రిమ మేధస్సు సాంకేతికత సాయంతో ప్రదర్శితమవుతుంటాయి. ఆ ప్రకటనల్లోని ఉత్పత్తులను లేదా సేవలను పాఠకులు స్వయంగా విచారించుకొని, జాగ్రత్తగా పరిశీలించి కొనుక్కోవాలి లేదా వినియోగించుకోవాలి. వాటి నాణ్యత లేదా లోపాలతో ఈనాడు యాజమాన్యానికి ఎలాంటి సంబంధం లేదు. ఈ విషయంలో ఉత్తర ప్రత్యుత్తరాలకు, ఈ-మెయిల్స్ కి, ఇంకా ఇతర రూపాల్లో సమాచార మార్పిడికి తావు లేదు. ఫిర్యాదులు స్వీకరించడం కుదరదు. పాఠకులు గమనించి, సహకరించాలని మనవి.

 

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