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Reading Comprehension - 1

Directions (Q.1-5): Read the passage and answer the following questions. Aurobindo Ghosh was a yogi, seer, philosopher, poet, and Indian nationalist who propounded a philosophy of divine life on earth through spiritual evolution. From 1902 to 1910 he took part in the struggle to free India from the British. In Pondichéry he founded a community of spiritual seekers, which took shape as the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in 1926. He was much influenced by the American Revolution, revolts in Italy and the medieval French revolts against England. He attended Congress sessions and at the same time, helped establish the Anushilan Samiti of Calcutta in 1902. He and his brother revolutionary Barin Ghosh contributed articles to the magazine Jugantar which inspired many young people to take up revolutionary work. He was also a journalist, editing newspapers such as Bande Mataram. In May 1908, Aurobindo was arrested in connection with the Alipore Conspiracy Case.

 In 1914, he started publishing a magazine called Arya. He wrote copiously and his greatest literary achievement was ‘Savitri’, an epic poem with about 24000 lines. He developed a kind of Yoga called Integral Yoga. His theory of Nationalism: Sri Aurobindo Ghosh was considered as a prophet of Indian nationalism. Along with Bankimchandra, Tilak and Dayanand, he developed the theory of nationalism in India. Sri Aurobindo’s theory of nationalism was based on Vedanta philosophy which saw unity and oneness in man and God. He declared that India was in fact Mother India which represented the united power and Shakti of millions of her children. Mother India represented the infinite energy of her people: He identified Mother India with God and maintained that it was God’s divine mission to set India free. He said that the village should retain its autonomy and self-government but at the same time, ‘should seek to promote national cohesion. The ideal of national Swaraj must be modeled on the old village community which was self-sufficient, autonomous and self-governing.

 1. From which of the following years he took part in the freedom struggle?

 A) 1908   B) 1902   C) 1904    D) 1907

 Sol: From 1902 to 1910 he took part in the struggle to free India from the British.

 Ans: B

2. Where did he find a community of spiritual seekers?

 A) Kerala    B) Pondichéry    C) Chennai    D) Manipur

 Sol: In Pondichéry he founded a community of spiritual seekers, which took shape as the Sri Aurobindo Ashram in 1926.

 Ans: B

3. What is the synonym of "divine"?

 A) Acerbic    B) Ascertain    C) Heavenly    D) Lavish

Sol: Acerbic: sharp and forthright. Ascertain: find (something) out for certain; make sure of. Heavenly: of heaven; divine. Lavish: sumptuously rich, elaborate, or luxurious. 

Ans: C

4. Sri Aurobindo’s theory of nationalism was based on? 

A) Vala philosophy    B) Siddha philosophy    C) Vedanta philosophy    D) Grandha philosophy 

Sol: Sri Aurobindo’s theory of nationalism was based on Vedanta philosophy which saw unity and oneness in man and God. 

Ans: C

5. What is the antonym of "retain"?

 A) Meager    B) Obscure    C) Abolish    D) Urge

 Sol: Meager: (of something provided or available) lacking in quantity or quality.

 Obscure: not discovered or known about; uncertain.

 Abolish: formally put an end to (a system, practice, or institution).

 Urge: try earnestly or persistently to persuade (someone) to do something.

 Ans: C

Directions (Q.6-10): Read the passage and answer the following questions

 Like government, the word governance derives, ultimately, from the Greek verb kubernaein (meaning to steer, the metaphorical sense first being attested in Plato). Its occasional use in English to refer to the specific activity of ruling a country can be traced to early-modern England, when the phrase "governance of the realm" appears in works by William Tyndale and in royal correspondence from James V of Scotland to Henry VIII of England. The first usage in connection with institutional structures (as distinct from individual rule) appears in Charles Plummer's The Governance of England (an 1885 translation from a 15th-century Latin manuscript by John Fortescue, also known as The Difference between an Absolute and a Limited Monarchy). This usage of "governance" to refer to the arrangements of governing became orthodox including in Sidney Low's seminal text of the same title in 1904 and among some later British constitutional historians.

However, the use of the term governance in its current broader sense, encompassing the activities of a wide range of public and private institutions, acquired general currency only as recently as the 1990s, when it was re-minted by economists and political scientists and disseminated by institutions such as the UN, the IMF and the World Bank. Since then, the term has gained increasing usage. 

6. The word governance is derived from?

 A) kubernaein   B) cuberainin    C) kumberian   D) cucibernia 

Sol: Like government, the word governance derives, ultimately, from the Greek verb kubernaein (meaning to steer, the metaphorical sense first being attested in Plato).

 Ans: A

 7. The first usage in connection with institutional structures appears in?

 A) Martin Plummer's The Governance of England   B) Richard The Governance of England    C) Leonard

 The Governance of England      D) Charles Plummer's The Governance of England

Sol: The first usage in connection with institutional structures (as distinct from individual rule) appears in Charles Plummer's The Governance of England (an 1885 translation from a 15thcentury Latin manuscript by John Fortescue, also known as The Difference between an Absolute and a Limited Monarchy).

 Ans: D

8. What is the synonym of "absolute"?

 A) flexible    B) qualified    C) entire    D) partial 

Sol: flexible: capable of bending easily without breaking.

qualified: officially recognized as being trained to perform a particular job; certified.

entire: with no part left out; whole.

 partial: existing only in part; incomplete.

 Ans: C

9. In which year the usage of "governance" to refer to the arrangements of governing became orthodox including in Sidney Low's seminal text of the same title?

 A) 1906   B) 1904   C) 1808   D) 1806  

Sol: This usage of "governance" to refer to the arrangements of governing became orthodox including in Sidney Low's seminal text of the same title in 1904 and among some later British constitutional historians.

 Ans: B

10. What is the antonym of "disseminate"? 

A) diffuse    B) disperse   C) circulate   D) conceal

 Sol: diffuse: spread over a wide area or between a large number of people. disperse: distribute or spread over a wide area. circulate: move continuously or freely through a closed system or area. conceal: not allow to be seen; hide.

 Ans: D

Directions (Q.11-15): Read the passage and answer the following questions

 A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance as compared to a generalpurpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floatingpoint operations per second (FLOPS) instead of million instructions per second (MIPS). Since 2017, there have existed supercomputers which can perform over 1017 FLOPS (a hundred quadrillion FLOPS, 100 peta FLOPS or 100 PFLOPS). For comparison, a desktop computer has performance in the range of hundreds of giga FLOPS (1011) to tens of teraFLOPS (1013). Since November 2017, all of the world's fastest 500 supercomputers run on Linux-based operating systems. Additional research is being conducted in the United States, the European Union, Taiwan, Japan, and China to build faster, more powerful and technologically superior exascale supercomputers. Supercomputers play an important role in the field of computational science, and are used for a wide range of computationally intensive tasks in various fields, including quantum mechanics, weather forecasting, climate research, oil and gas exploration, molecular modeling (computing the structures and properties of chemical compounds, biological macromolecules, polymers, and crystals), and physical simulations (such as simulations of the early moments of the universe, airplane and spacecraft aerodynamics, the detonation of nuclear weapons, and nuclear fusion). They have been essential in the field of cryptanalysis.

11. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in? 

A) RLOPS     B) SLOPS    C) MLOPS   D) FLOPS

 Sol: Compared to a general-purpose computer. The performance of a supercomputer is commonly measured in floating-point operations per second (FLOPS). 

Ans: D 

12. Since which year supercomputers existed?

 A) 2011   B) 2013   C) 2012   D) 2017 

 Sol: Since 2017, there have existed supercomputers. 

Ans: D

 13. What is the synonym of "Intensive"?

 A) partial   B) superficial   C) cursory   D) concentrated

 Sol: partial: existing only in part; incomplete.

 superficial: existing or occurring at or on the surface. 

cursory: hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed 

concentrated: wholly directed to one thing; intense. 

Ans: D

14. Supercomputers can perform over ....... FLOPS.

 A) 1034    B) 1022   C) 1017    D) 1011

 Sol: Since 2017, there have existed super computers which can perform over 1017 FLOPS (a hundred quadrillion FLOPS, 100 peta FLOPS or 100 PFLOPS). 

Ans: C

 15. What is the antonym of "essential"? 

A) indispensable   B) crucial   C) unimportant   D) necessary

 Sol: indispensable: absolutely necessary.

 Crucial: decisive or critical, especially in the success or failure of something.

 unimportant: lacking in importance or significance. 

necessary: needed to be done, achieved, or present; essential. 

Ans: C

Posted Date : 05-02-2024

గమనిక : ప్రతిభ.ఈనాడు.నెట్‌లో కనిపించే వ్యాపార ప్రకటనలు వివిధ దేశాల్లోని వ్యాపారులు, సంస్థల నుంచి వస్తాయి. మరి కొన్ని ప్రకటనలు పాఠకుల అభిరుచి మేరకు కృత్రిమ మేధస్సు సాంకేతికత సాయంతో ప్రదర్శితమవుతుంటాయి. ఆ ప్రకటనల్లోని ఉత్పత్తులను లేదా సేవలను పాఠకులు స్వయంగా విచారించుకొని, జాగ్రత్తగా పరిశీలించి కొనుక్కోవాలి లేదా వినియోగించుకోవాలి. వాటి నాణ్యత లేదా లోపాలతో ఈనాడు యాజమాన్యానికి ఎలాంటి సంబంధం లేదు. ఈ విషయంలో ఉత్తర ప్రత్యుత్తరాలకు, ఈ-మెయిల్స్ కి, ఇంకా ఇతర రూపాల్లో సమాచార మార్పిడికి తావు లేదు. ఫిర్యాదులు స్వీకరించడం కుదరదు. పాఠకులు గమనించి, సహకరించాలని మనవి.

 

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