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PREPOSITIONS

    పోటీ పరీక్షల్లో అతిముఖ్యమైన అంశం Prepositions. ముఖ్యంగా పోలీసు పరీక్షలో Prepositions నుంచి ప్రతిసారి ప్రశ్నలు సందిస్తున్నారు. కొంచెం జాగ్రత్తగా ప్రిపేరయితే దాదాపు 35 నుంచి 40  Prepositions పై పట్టు అవలీలగా తెచ్చుకోవచ్చు. పోటీ పరీక్షల్లో వీటి నుంచే ఎక్కువ ప్రశ్నలు వచ్చే అవకాశం ఉంది. ఇపుడు  Prepositions అంటే ఏమిటి? వాటి Usages చూద్దాం.
Pre - before (ముందు)
Position - Place (స్థానం)
Prepositions - Which is placed before (ముందు ఉంచబడే పదం)
Prepositions అనేవి సాధారణంగా ఒక Place (స్థలం), Time (కాలం), Position (స్థితి), Situation (పరిస్థితి)ని తెలపడానికి ఉపయోగిస్తాం.
Prepositions Noun or Pronoun / Adjective or adverb ల ముందైనా ఉంటాయి.
Observe the following sentences
The book is on
(మీద) the table
The book is Under
(కింద) the table
The book is beside
(పక్కన) the table
Definition: Preposition is a word which tells the relationship between the subject or object or remaining words in a sentence.

ఒక sentence లో subject కు, Object కు గల relationship ను తెలపడానికి ఉపయోగించే పదాన్ని
Preposition అంటారు.
పోటీ పరీక్షల్లో దాదాపు 35 నుంచి 40 Prepositions పై ప్రశ్నలు అడిగే అవకాశం ఉంది.
e.g.: Between        on               against
        Among        upon             beneath
        beside         from              beyond
        besides          to                towards
        since            till                above
        for             until                over
      with              of                  below
       by              off                  under
       at              about
       in             around
     into            along
   within          across
   without


Between - Among
Between
-
‘రెండింటి మధ్య’ అనే అర్థంలో
(It is used for two persons or places or things or animals)
Among:
‘రెండు కంటే ఎక్కువ వాటి మధ్య’ అనే అర్థంలో (It is used for more than 2 persons
or places or things or animals)
e.g.: There is a cold war between India and Pakistan
The five brothers distributed the land among themselves
Mohan is sitting between Ramya and Amala.
It should be very secret between you and me.
Pawn Kalyan never sits between Nandini and Renu.
The UNO maintains close relations among the nation

 

Beside - Besides
Beside
-
‘పక్కన’ అనే అర్థంలో (by the side of)
Besides -
‘దానితోపాటు’ అనే అర్థంలో (In addition to)
e.g.: Anjaiah sir knows English besides telugu
Kiran has a desire besides a maruthi 800
Please come and sit beside me
There is a medical shop beside the clinic
Your argument is beside the point

 

Since - For
since -
ఒక కచ్చితమైన సమయం నుంచి (before point of time)
for -
ఒక కచ్చితమైన వ్యవధి నుంచి (before period of time)
Jai has been calling Ramadevi for 2 hours.
Mahesh has been Playing cricket since 5 PM.
All students have been writing the exam since 8 am.
All Students have been Preparing for SI exam since 2018.
Kaveri has been suffering from fever for 4 days.

 

With - By
With - 
ప్రాణంలేని Object ముందు (Before life less object)
by-
ప్రాణం ఉన్న Object ముందు (Before life object)
e.g.: Ravana was killed by Rama with an arrow
Mohan was murdered by his wife with a knife
A student was beaten by a lecturer with a big stick

 

By
1) 
వృత్తి రీత్యా పదవి రీత్యా, జన్మరీత్యా, వివాహరీత్యా అనే అర్థంలో
e.g.: Sonia Gandhi is an Indian by marriage
Mukesh Ambani is a Miilionire by birth
Samram is a doctor by profession
2) In the Meaning of “During” 
(ఆ సమయంలో) 
e.g.: Don’t go out by night you can see the star
3) To denote an agent or passive Voice
లో ఉపయోగిస్తాం.
e.g.: The Ramayana was written by Valmiki
A letter will be written by me
4) In the meaning of “as a result of”
అనే అర్థంలో/ because of
e.g.: He succeeds in life by hard work and honesty
She met with an accident by her rash driving
5) In the Meaning of ‘near’ /
దగ్గర్లో అనే అర్థంలో
My house is by the Ramappa temple
His shop is by the theatre
6) The denote measure of Units
(ప్రమాణాలకు)
e.g.: Cloth is sold by the Metre
Eggs are sold by dozen
He is taller than you by two inches
7) the meaning of ‘on/ before’
(అప్పటికల్లా అనే అర్థంలో)
e.g.: You have to pay the fee by next week
I shall have reached by 10 AM
8) To denote mode of travel 
(ప్రయాణాలకు)
by car, by bus, by lorry, by train, by ship, by flight
I came here by car
Do you come by flight or by car?

 

At
1) denote point of time 
(ఒక నిర్ణీత సమయం ముందు)
at 4 O’ clock
at 10 O’ clock
at 5.30 PM
at 8 AM
at Midnight
at Noon
My office is opened at 7 AM daily
Please come and meet me at 8.30 PM today.
2) To denote ages 
(వయసులు తెల్పడానికి)
e.g.: He is active even at Seventy
His father retired at 58
she married at her 28
He died at the age of 85
3) To denote a state/ condition
(స్థితిని తెలపడానికి)
e.g.: at work
at rest
at peace
at war
My father is at rest now
4) To denote particular place/ area
 (ఒక ప్రాంతం)
e.g.: at a hotel
at school
attemple
at Devi Chowk
at Ramapuram
at 14/17
He lives at Devi chowk in Rajahmundry
Kiran met me at a School
5)
ఏదైనా లక్ష్యాన్ని తెలిపే సందర్భంలో
e.g.: He aimed at first class
The hunter fired his gun at the tiger
The hunter aimed his gun at the bird
6) To denote profit, loss, cost, rate, price, speed
e.g.: We bought bananas at rs.45 a dozen
The Satabdi express travels at 120 km an hour
Potato is sold at rs.200 a bag

 

ON
1) Before the names of days
(రోజుల పేర్ల ముందు)
e.g.: on Monday
On Saturday
On Friday Evening
I have an exam on Sunday Morning
You can meet me on Saturday Evening
2) To denote Membership
(సభ్యత్వాన్ని తెలపడానికి) 
e.g.: Raju is now on the committee
This item is not on the agenda
Devi is on the staff of the SBI
3) To denot Mode of Travel
(ప్రయాణాలు కాలినడకతో)
on foot (correct)
by walk (wrong)
I go to my institute on foot daily
Do you go to your office on foot everyday?
4) To denote the following expressions
e.g.: on leave / on the way / on my advice
on duty / on behalf of / on her success
on fire / on account of / rely on
on probation / on demand / congratulate on
5) In the Meaning of “about” / “concerning”
e.g.: Speak on India’s foreign policy
Write an essay on poverty
6) To denote a means of supporting life, an organization, business
e.g.: The patient lived on fruit juice and glucose water for weeks

 

on - upon తేడా గమనించండి.
on  Speaking of things at rest
(కదలిక లేనపుడు)
upon speaking of things in motion (కదలిక ఉన్నపుడు)
e.g.: There is a picture on the wall
They are sitting on the chairs
I hit him on the head
He placed books on the table
The cat sprang upon the table
He jumped upon the horse
The lion jumped upon the elephant

 

on-over తేడా గమనించండి
on actual contact with some object
over No actual contact with some object
e.g.: Put the pen on the table
thick mist hung over the forest

 

Over
In the meaning of excess 
(ఎక్కువ అనే అర్థంలో)
The repairs to the TV cost me over Rs.500
 

In
1) To denote parts of the day 
(రోజులోని భాగాల పేర్లు)
e.g.: In the Morning
In the evening
In the afternoon
Please meet me in the morning
He comes here in the evening
2) To denote dress
(దుస్తులు)
e.g.: The nurse is coming in while you can see swetha in black tomorrow
3) Before the names of countries, states, districts, cities, big towns, years, seasons
and Months
e.g.: In Hyderabad
In Andhra Pradesh
In Chittoor
In Madanapalli
In 1980
In summer
In December
We got Independence in 1947.
They go to kashmir in summer every year

 

Into
లోనికి / లోపలికి అనే అర్థంలో ‘కదలిక ఉన్నప్పుడు’ 
(Things which are in motion / movement in the meaning of entering)
She jumped into the river
Kaveri is pouring water into the glass

 

In-within-without
In ⇒ at the end of
(కొంతకాలం చివరన)
within ⇒ before the end of (గడువు పూర్తి కాక ముందే)
without ⇒ Except of (లేకుండా)
I shall come in 5 days
Note: in 5 days on the 5th day 
(5వ రోజున అని అర్థం)
I shall come within 5 days
Note: within 5 days = before 5 days
(5 రోజుల్లోపు ఎప్పుడైనా అని అర్థం)
Don’t meet me without an appointment
A bird can’t fly without wings
Don’t enter the class without paying the fee

 

Till - Until
Till  before point of time
Until  before a clause
Point of time e.g.: Till 5 PM
Till Monday
Till April
Till 2019
Clause  A group of words with at least one subject and one verb

(కనీసం ఒక ఒక  ఉన్న కొన్ని పదాల సముదాయం)
e.g.: He comes late; If you come
I Waited for you till 5PM yesterday
I Waited for you until Ramya came here

 

Of
1) In the Meaning of belong to (or) pertaining to
(సంబంధించిన, చెందిన అనే అర్థంలో)
KCR is a native of Medak
NCB Naidu is a native of Naravaripalli
2) To indicate possession
(కల్గి ఉండుట)
e.g.: These are the poems of Dr C.Narayana Reddy
3) To denote source of quality
(ఒక వ్యక్తి గుణాలు తెల్పడానికి)
e.g.: Milton is the man of letters
Gandhiji is a man of honesty
Anu is a woman of goodness
4) To denote ‘cause’ 
(కారణంతో / వ్యాధితో మరణిస్తే)
He died of Maleria
She died of cholera

Off
1)
‘దూరంగా’ అనే అర్థంలో
My house is located off the railway station
2) To denote Negative meaning
The management called off the increments due to loss of the business
3) In the meaning of ‘to stop’
(ఆపివేయుట / నిలిపివేయుట)
I switched off the bulb
They switched off the engine
4) In the meaning of “from some place” instead of (
ఒక ప్రదేశం నుండి అనే అర్థంలో “from” బదులుగా off ఉపయోగిస్తాం).
The boy fell off the wall
He fell off the horse

 

Against
1) In the meaning of opposition of something
e.g.: The people voted against the candidate
They filed a suit against my neighbour
She married her friend against the wishes of her parents.
2) In comparision 
(పోల్చే సందర్భంలో)
e.g.: Five employees got promotion this year against four last year
He got 75% in this exam against 60% last exam
3)
ప్రమాదాలకు ముందు జాగ్రత్తలు సూచించే సందర్భంలో 
e.g.: This is an effective injection against cholera
The public are cautioned against pick pocketers
4) In the Meaning of “touching/hitting/ close” 
(ఆశించి/దగ్గరగా అనే అర్థంలో)
e.g.: The ladder is against the wall
The mirror was kept against the wall

 

Below - under తేడా గమనించండి.
Below  “lower than”
Under “Vertically below”
e.g.: The valley was below the hill
The train is running under the bridge

 

Above - over తేడా గమనించండి.
Above  కింద - పైన’ మధ్య Gap ఉన్నప్పుడు  
Over vertically above  (
కింద - పైన’ మధ్య Gap లేన‌పుడు)
Clouds are above the hills
She put a rug over the sleeping child

 

About
1) In the meaning of “regarding to’’
(‘గురించి’ అనే అర్థంలో)
e.g.: What are you talking ‘about’
He is careless about his health
Murali went about his daily rounds
2) In the Meaning of round the neck 
(‘మెడ చుట్టూ’ అనే అర్థంలో)
e.g.: He has a golden chain about his neck
Devi has a necklace about her neck
3) In the meaning of nearness of action/state

(వెంటనే జరగబోయే పని, ఉండబోయే స్థితి చెప్పే సందర్భంలో)
It is about to dawn
The patient is about to die
They are about to start
4) Along
In the meaning of in a direction of
(వెంబడి/వెంట అనే అర్థంలో)
e.g.: There are signals along the road
we walked along the street

 

Towards
It tells direction but not reaching point 
(ఇది దిశను మాత్రమే తెల్పును కాని గమ్యస్థానాన్ని కాదు)
He walked towards the busstand
 

Across
ఒక River or canal or road కు ఒకవైపు నుంచి ఇంకో వైపునకు ‘అడ్డంగా’ అనే అర్థంలో
e.g.: They built a dam across the river
Police have put a barrier across the main road
Senior, Junior ... 
లాంటివి వచ్చినపుడు
Senior
Junior
Prefer
Preferable
refer
referable
prior
inferior
superior
Note: composition 
లో పై పదాలు వచ్చినపుడు ‘than’ బదులు ‘to’ వస్తుంది.
Devi is Junior to me
I prefer coffee to tea

 

Beyond
In the meaing of “out of” 
(లేని/తన ఆధీనంలో లేని)
e.g.: This is beyond my understanding
 

Questions

Part-1

1) Meerut is famous — Scissors
1) of 2) for 3) to 4) in

 

2) The lion is sitting — the tree
1) under 2) on 3) in 4) at

 

3) The television is — the table
1) into 2) to 3) on 4) under

 

4) There was a meeting — my office
1) on 2) from 3) at 4) with

 

5) you should get up — 6 AM daily
1) at 2) since 3) in 4) from

 

6) All students are — their classes
1) on 2) in 3) from 4) to

 

7) He went — Hyderabad to search a job
1) from 2) in 3) to 4) at

 

8) The thieves were caught — the police
1) with 2) by 3) from 4) in

 

9) Sama Reddy is senior — me
1) to 2) from 3) in 4) of

 

10) you will have to talk — your principal
1) of 2) from 3) at 4) to

 

11) The train was running — 60 km an hour
1) in 2) from 3) at 4) with

 

12) His bike was out of city yesterday, so he had to go to school — foot
1) in 2) on 3) with 4) by

 

13) The story is being read — the teacher
1) by 2) at 3) of 4) from

 

14. Both the girls are not ready to divide the property — themselves
1) to 2) between 3) among 4) in

 

15. The war was being fought — two countries
1) among 2) with 3) in 4) between

 

16. You should divide these apples — the students
1) between 2) among 3) in 4) to

 

17. Last year his younger brother died — cancer
1) about 2) of 3) from 4) with

 

18. My brother sent a gift — me
1) to 2) for 3) at 4) about

 

19. The ring is made — gold
1) of 2) from 3) with 4) in

 

20. We have bought this house — Rs.1 crore
1) in 2) for 3) with 4) of

 

21. Agra is very famous — the Taj Mahal
1) to 2) for 3) in 4) by

 

22. I request you to think — the matter again
1) in 2) over 3) at 4) about

 

23. I don’t know much — it
1) upon 2) over 3) with 4) about

 

24. When will you bring a gift — me?
1) with 2) for 3) to 4) by

 

25. Players have a strong zeal — the final game
1) by 2) with 3) on 4) for

 

Answers

1-2 2-1 3-3 4-3 5-1 6-2 7-3 8-2 9-1 10-4 11-3 12-2 13-1 14-2 15-4 16-2 17-2 18-2 19-1 20-2 21-2 22-2 23-4 24-2 25-4 
 

Part-2

1. Manish was surprised — my coming there
1) by 2) at 3) for 4) on

 

2. Indians have strong faith — God
1) into 2) on 3) to 4) in

 

3. The artist is insulted — the music director
1) by 2) of 3) at 4) with

 

4. Vijay goes — temple every Saturday
1) on 2) for 3) to 4) at

 

5. Go and Sit — your seat, please
1) on 2) in 3) at 4) upon

 

6. The patient died — cancer yesterday
1) to 2) of 3) off 4) from

 

7. This piece of land was a cause of dispute — the five men
1) about 2) among 3) between 4) across

 

8. Mohan is sitting — his mother in the party
1) on 2) with 3) in 4) to

 

9. Despite my warnings to him, he went to circus — car
1) in 2) by 3) with 4) on

 

10. Police caught and beat the thief — a stick
1) for 2) to 3) with 4) by

 

11. Farmer is familiar — the agricultural problems
1) to 2) from 3) at 4) with

 

12. I purchased a book about perfumes — my younger brother
1) for 2) to 3) with 4) at

 

13. Let’s meet — the cafe coffee shop on Sunday
1) at 2) on 3) in 4) for

 

14. The child has been missing — yesterday
1) for 2) at 3) since 4) Till

 

15. He is afraid — the dog
1) of 2) on 3) in 4) by

 

16. You should take care — your health
1) of 2) in 3) at 4) to

 

17. Did you apply — this post?
1) to 2) at 3) for 4) of

 

18. Prem Jumped — the river to save his friend
1) in 2) into 3) within 4) on

 

19. He has been taught English — his father
1) by 2) to 3) from 4) in

 

20. Mohan is senior — Sohan in the office
1) than 2) as 3) of 4) to

 

21. Anand invited me — tea
1) at 2) to 3) for 4) over

 

22. We enquired — his health
1) with 2) at 3) about 4) upon

 

23. Smoking is injurious — health
1) to 2) with 3) for 4) at

 

24. Don’t cry — spilt milk
1) at 2) over 3) with 4) upon

 

25. Amala died — cholera
1) of 2) with 3) from 4) by

Answers
1-2 2-4 3-1 4-3 5-1 6-2 7-2 8-2 9-2 10-3 11-4 12-1 13-1 14-3 15-1 16-1 17-3 18-2 19-1 20-4 21-2 22-3 23-1 24-2 25-1

 

Part-3

1) The Minister called ............ The president
1) for 2) on 3) with 4) in

 

2) Mohan afraid ...........Maths
1) of 2) with 3) at 4) by

 

3) Kiran is very close .......... his mother
1) to 2) in 3) with 4) by

 

4) Take care ......... your health
1) at 2) upon 3) on 4) of

 

5) the thief begged ...... forgiveness
1) on 2) at 3) for 3) with

 

6) Dogs are generally faithful ........ their masters
1) at 2) to 3) on 4) with

 

7) Soni agreed ........... her friends
1) with 2) at 3) on 4) upon

 

8) It’s pleasure to deal ........ children
1) with 2) upon 3) from 4) into

 

9) Shivaji fought ........ Aurangazeb
1) with 2) on 3) against 4) from

 

10) Robbers broke ......... the house and took away ornaments
1) in 2) at 3) with 4) into

 

11) Mothers are always worried ............ their children
1) with 2) about 3) upon 4) on

 

12) Madhavi acted ........... her mother’s advice
1) with 2) on 3) upon 4) at

 

13) Kiran Reddy borrowed Money ........ Nirmala
1) from 2) of 3) with 4) upon

 

14) Nithya quarreld........... Bhavana
1) against 2) with 3) at 4) on

 

15) The plane flew ........... our house
1) on 2) over 3) at 4) upon

 

16) Sushma waled........ the filed
1) in 2) across 3) on 4) at

 

17) Keep the stool ............ the bed
1) under 2) on 3) upon 4) in

 

18) They went for a walk .......... the river
1) at 2) along 3) about 4) across

 

19) He is good .......... English
1) at 2) in 3) with 4) upon

 

20) Please believe .......... God
1) at 2) on 3) in 4) over

 

21) The quarrel is ................ Ramya and Roja
1) between 2) Among 3) on 4) upon

 

22) I found it difficult to cope ............ Mathematics in Class X
1) for 2) with 3) of 4) up

 

23) She was Congratulated ............ receiving his degree
1) by 2) on 3) for 4) upon

 

24) Priyanka cut her finger ............ a knife
1) by 2) with 3) at 4) of

 

25) Hard work is a requisite ............. success
1) to 2) on 3) for 4) in

Answers
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Posted Date : 22-01-2021

గమనిక : ప్రతిభ.ఈనాడు.నెట్‌లో కనిపించే వ్యాపార ప్రకటనలు వివిధ దేశాల్లోని వ్యాపారులు, సంస్థల నుంచి వస్తాయి. మరి కొన్ని ప్రకటనలు పాఠకుల అభిరుచి మేరకు కృత్రిమ మేధస్సు సాంకేతికత సాయంతో ప్రదర్శితమవుతుంటాయి. ఆ ప్రకటనల్లోని ఉత్పత్తులను లేదా సేవలను పాఠకులు స్వయంగా విచారించుకొని, జాగ్రత్తగా పరిశీలించి కొనుక్కోవాలి లేదా వినియోగించుకోవాలి. వాటి నాణ్యత లేదా లోపాలతో ఈనాడు యాజమాన్యానికి ఎలాంటి సంబంధం లేదు. ఈ విషయంలో ఉత్తర ప్రత్యుత్తరాలకు, ఈ-మెయిల్స్ కి, ఇంకా ఇతర రూపాల్లో సమాచార మార్పిడికి తావు లేదు. ఫిర్యాదులు స్వీకరించడం కుదరదు. పాఠకులు గమనించి, సహకరించాలని మనవి.

 

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