Directions (Qs. 1 - 5): Read the passage and answer the following questions.
A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring Earth's view of the Sun, totally or partially. Such an alignment coincides with a new moon, indicating the Moon is closest to the plane of the Earth's orbit. In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon. In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.If the Moon were in a perfectly circular orbit and in the same orbital plane as Earth, there would be total solar eclipses every new moon. Instead, because the Moon's orbit is tilted at about 5 degrees to Earth's orbit, its shadow usually misses Earth. Solar (and lunar) eclipses therefore happen only during eclipse seasons, resulting in at least two, and up to five, solar eclipses each year, no more than two of which can be total. Total eclipses are more rare because they require a more precise alignment between the centres of the Sun and Moon, and because the Moon's apparent size in the sky is sometimes too small to fully cover the Sun. Total solar eclipses occur rarely at a given place on Earth, on average about every 360 to 410 years. An eclipse is a natural phenomenon. In some ancient and modern cultures, solar eclipses were attributed to supernatural causes or regarded as bad omens. Astronomers' predictions of eclipses began in China as early as the 4th century BC; eclipses hundreds of years into the future may now be predicted with high accuracy.
1. What comes in between during a solar eclipse?
A) Moon B) Sun C) Earth D) Star
Explanation: A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby obscuring Earth's view of the Sun, totally or partially.
Ans: A
2. What happens in an annular eclipse?
A) Part of earth is obscured B) Part of sun is obscured
C) Part of moon is obscured D) Part of star is obscured
Explanation: In partial and annular eclipses, only part of the Sun is obscured.
Ans: B
3. What is the synonym of "accurate"?
A) loose B) resemble C) wayward D) precise
Explanation:
loose: not firmly or tightly fixed in place; detached or able to be detached.
resemble: have a similar appearance to or qualities in common with (someone or something); look or seem like.
wayward: difficult to control or predict because of wilful or perverse behaviour.
precise: marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
Ans: D
4. In a ........ eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon.
A) ordinary B) real C) partial D) total
Explanation: In a total eclipse, the disk of the Sun is fully obscured by the Moon.
Ans: D
5. What is the antonym of "average"?
A) enrage B) lavish C) contemporary D) radica
Explanation:
enrage: make (someone) very angry.
lavish: sumptuously rich, elaborate, or luxurious.
contemporary: living or occurring at the same time.
radical: relating to or affecting the fundamental nature of something; far-reaching or thorough.
Ans: C
Directions (Qs. 6 - 10): Read the passage and answer the following questions.
The Mughal Empire was an Islamic earlymodern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. For some two hundred years, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus river basin in the west, northern Afghanistan in the North-West, and Kashmir in the North, to the highlands of present-day Assam and Bangladesh in the East, and the uplands of the Deccan Plateau in South India. The Mughal Empire is conventionally said to have been founded in 1526 by Babur, a warrior chieftain from what is today Uzbekistan, whoemployed aid from the neighbouring Safavid and Ottoman empires, to defeat the Sultan of Delhi, Ibrahim Lodhi, in the First Battle of Panipat, and to sweep down the plains of Upper India. The Mughal imperial structure, however, is sometimes dated to 1600, to the rule of Babur's grandson, Akbar. This imperial structure lasted until 1720, until shortly after the death of the last major emperor, Aurangzeb, during whose reign the empire also achieved its maximum geographical extent. The empire's loss of control over the Indian subcontinent was catalysed by their loss to the Maratha Empire in the Mughal–Maratha Wars. Reduced subsequently to the region in and around Old Delhi by 1760, the empire was formally dissolved by the British Raj after the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
6. The Mughal Empire was an ........ early-modern empire.
A) Tibetian B) Persian C) Islamic D) Asian
Explanation: The Mughal Empire was an Islamic early-modern empire.
Ans: C
7. The Mughal Empire was founded by which of the following persons?
A) Babur B) Akbar C) Muzammil D) Aurangazeb
Explanation: The Mughal Empire is conventionally said to have been founded in 1526 by Babur.
Ans: A
8. What is the synonym of "conventional"?
A) Affirm B) Supernatural C) Traditional D) Vehement
Explanation:
Affirm: state emphatically or publicly.
Supernatural: attributed to some force beyond scientific understanding or the laws of nature.
Traditional: existing in or as part of a tradition; long-established.
Vehement: showing strong feelings; forceful, passionate, or intense.
Ans: C
9. Which of the following persons was Babur's grandson?
A) Abbas B) Ghazi C) Muhammad D) Akbar
Explanation: The Mughal imperial structure, however, is sometimes dated to 1600, to the rule of Babur's grandson, Akbar.
Ans: D
10. What is the antonym of " Formal " ?
A) Revert B) Granted C) Liberal D) Unofficial
Explanation:
Revert: return to (a previous state, practice, topic, etc.).
Granted: admittedly
Liberal: willing to respect or accept behaviour or opinions different from one's own; open to new ideas.
Unofficial: not authorised or acknowledged by a government, group, class, or society.
Ans: D
Directions (Qs. 11 - 15): Read the passage and answer the following questions.
The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations responsible for international public health. The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health". Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, it has six regional offices and 150 field offices worldwide. The WHO was established on 7 April 1948. The first meeting of the World Health Assembly (WHA), the agency's governing body, took place on 24 July of that year. The WHO incorporated the assets, personnel, and duties of the League of Nations' Health Organization and the Office International d'Hygiène Publique, including the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). Its work began in earnest in 1951 after a significant infusion of financial and technical resources. The WHO's mandate seeks and includes: working worldwide to promote health,keeping the world safe, and serve the vulnerable. It advocates that a billion more people should have: universal health care coverage, engagement with the monitoring of publichealth risks, coordinating responses to health emergencies, and promoting health and well-being. It provides technical assistance to countries, sets international health standards, and collects data on global health issues. A publication, the World Health Report, provides assessments of worldwide health topics. The WHO also serves as a forum for discussions of health issues.
11. Where are the headquarters of WHO located?
A) Madrid B) Reykjavik C) Geneva D) Moscow
Explanation: The WHO Constitution states its main objective as "the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health". Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.
Ans: C
12. WHO was established on which of the following days?
A) April 7 B) April 11 C) April 15 D) April 17
Explanation: The WHO was established on 7 April 1948.
Ans: A
13. What is the antonym of " Incorporate " ?
A) Renovate B) Conservative C) Concurrent D) Separate
Explanation:
Renovate: restore (something old, especially a building) to a good state of repair.
Conservative: averse to change or innovation and holding traditional values.
Concurrent: existing, happening, or done at the same time.
Separate: forming or viewed as a unit apart or by itself.
Ans: D
14. WHO began its work in which of the following years?
A) 1967 B) 1951 C) 1954 D) 1975
Explanation: WHO 's work began in earnest in 1951 after a significant infusion of financial and technical resources.
Ans: B
15. What is the synonym of "Assist"?
A) Worth B) Aid C) Care D) Prone
Explanation:
Worth: equivalent in value to the sum or item specified.
Aid: help, typically of a practical nature.
Care: the provision of what is necessary for the health, welfare, maintenance, and protection of someone or something.
Prone: likely or liable to suffer from, do, or experience something unpleasant or regrettable.
Ans: B
