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Transportation - The Circulatory System  

I. Conceptual understanding

1: Write the differences between arteries, veins and capillaries: (4 Marks)
(Prepare such tables wherever necessary in any lesson. You can prepare such tables for the valves of heart, cardiac cycle, xylem and phloem etc., add relevant columns and row when you prepare such tables and it would be an added advantage if you can add the diagrams as given in the above table.)

  

II. Asking questions and making hypothesis

2: What questions would you ask a doctor about the sphygmomanometer? (2 Marks)

A: If I visit a doctor, I would ask the following questions about sphygmomanometer.

1. what is the name of this instrument?

2. why are you wrapping the cloth/cuff tightly on the upper arm of the patient?

3. what is the normal blood pressure of a human being?

4. why is the pump used? 5. why is the dial used?

6. what is the use of the valve? 

7. how is stethoscope useful in determining the systole and diastole?

(Practice preparing different types of questions in relation to each concept discussed in the lesson. The questions should be thought provoking.)

III. Experimentation and Field Investigation
 

3: Anand observed a mammalian heart while his teacher demonstrated the experiment. He noted the observations in his lab record. Did you observe a mammalian heart in your classroom activity or by going out to observe in a butcher's shop? What was your experience? Explain. (4 Marks)

A: Yes. I went to a butcher's shop to observe a mammalian heart. I observed a sheep's heart. I brought it to school and asked our teacher to explain. She has demonstrated an experiment. I am writing my observations below.

Aim: Observation of the internal structure of the mammalian heart.

Material required: Since the structure of all the mammalian hearts is similar, we take the sheep's or goat's for our observation. For this we need the following materials.

* Freshly collected specimen of heart of sheep / goat from the butcher.

* Soda straws, Sharp and long blade / scalpel, Tray and a jug of water.

* Dissection scissors and forceps.

Procedure: We washed the heart thoroughly so that blood is completely drained from the chambers .

* We took the soda straws and inserted them into the stumps of the blood vessels.

* We observed the arrangement of blood vessels on the wall of the heart.

* We placed the heart in the tray in such a way that a large arch like tube faces upwards.

* We observed it to be the ventral side.

* Then we took a sharp blade/scalpel and opened the heart in such a way that the chambers are exposed.

Observations: We observed the thickness of the wall of the heart, number of chambers, size of the chambers and the differences between the chambers, connection of chambers with each other.

* We observed white coloured structures in the lower part of the heart, noted down the size and shape and to which parts they are attached.

Inference: The heart is covered by two layers of membranes.

* The heart is divided into four parts by grooves.

* Two upper parts are called atria, and the lower ones are called ventricles.

* The two atria and the two ventricles are separated from each other by muscular partitions called septa. The openings between atria and ventricles are guarded by valves.

* After careful examination we can observe valves in the pulmonary artery and aorta as well.

   

IV. Information Skills and Projects

4: Aravind went to a zoology lecturer and collected information about mode of circulation in different phyla. He recorded the information he collected, in his project work book. Can you write your data about the same topic in a tabular form? (4 Marks)
A: I went to a zoology lecturer and collected information about mode of circulation in different phyla. She explained me everything and have shown me images of different examples from each phyla. Here is my project work.

  

V. Communication through drawing, model making
 

5: Draw the internal structure of human heart and label its parts. (5 Marks)

Answer the following questions:

(a) What is it that protects the heart?

(b) What is the study of human heart and its disorders called as? (c) Expand ECG.

A:
   

                                                                 Internal structure of heart
                  a) Rib cage        b) Cardiology       c) Electro Cardio Gram.

VI. Appreciation and aesthetic sense, values
 

6: How would you appreciate the Lymphatic system? (2 Marks)
A: Lymphatic system is the system that transports the tissue fuluid into the main blodd stream.
* It is the vital link between blood and tissues by which essential substances pass from blood to cells and excretory products from cells to blood.
* It carries digested and absorbed fats from small intestine to different tissues of the body.
* It helps in removing waste materials from the cells in the body to drain into blood.
* It protects cells in the tissues from infection. 

Posted Date : 03-09-2021

గమనిక : ప్రతిభ.ఈనాడు.నెట్‌లో కనిపించే వ్యాపార ప్రకటనలు వివిధ దేశాల్లోని వ్యాపారులు, సంస్థల నుంచి వస్తాయి. మరి కొన్ని ప్రకటనలు పాఠకుల అభిరుచి మేరకు కృత్రిమ మేధస్సు సాంకేతికత సాయంతో ప్రదర్శితమవుతుంటాయి. ఆ ప్రకటనల్లోని ఉత్పత్తులను లేదా సేవలను పాఠకులు స్వయంగా విచారించుకొని, జాగ్రత్తగా పరిశీలించి కొనుక్కోవాలి లేదా వినియోగించుకోవాలి. వాటి నాణ్యత లేదా లోపాలతో ఈనాడు యాజమాన్యానికి ఎలాంటి సంబంధం లేదు. ఈ విషయంలో ఉత్తర ప్రత్యుత్తరాలకు, ఈ-మెయిల్స్ కి, ఇంకా ఇతర రూపాల్లో సమాచార మార్పిడికి తావు లేదు. ఫిర్యాదులు స్వీకరించడం కుదరదు. పాఠకులు గమనించి, సహకరించాలని మనవి.

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