Overview of the Lesson (Lesson of a glance) 

       Production and employment are inter linked with each other. If we want to produce anything, employment is needed. In the process of production three sectors are playing vital role. They are primary sector or agriculture and relative activities, secondary sector or manufacturing process and the tertiary sector or service sector.
       The above three sectors are influencing the GDP based on their priority. Before independence Agriculture contributes more to GDP. Gradually secondary and tertiary sectors are playing vital role in influencing the GDP.
       Most of the people (92%) are working in un-organised sector, where as no job guarantee, no regular wages and no security and other benefits which are given to organised sector employees. Unorganised sector should be protected by the government.

Main Points  

1. Sectors of Economy: People are engaged in different activities to earn their livelihoods. These activities are broadly categorised into three sectors.
i) Primary Sector: Agriculture and related activities such as fishing, forestry, mining, poultry where nature has a dominant role in the production process.
ii) Secondary Sector: Manufacturing processes and other industries, where goods are produced by people using tools or machines.
iii) Tertiary Sector: The activities that don't directly produce goods but provide services that are required in production and other services for people.
2. Gross Domestic Product:
i) The total value of goods and services produced in the country is used as the indicator of income for the country. The technical term to denote this value is "Gross Domestic product".
ii) The value of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provides the total production of the sector for that year. And the some of production in the three sectors gives what is called the "Gross Domestic Product" (GDP) of a country. It is the value of all final goods and services produced within a country during a particular year.
3. More than half of the country are working in the agriculture sector.
4. 92% of workers in India are found in un-organised sector and only 8% find work in the organised sector.
5. In initial days of independence, agriculture occupied major share of GDP of our country. But in 2009-10 service sector is occupying major share in GDP of our country.
6. The agriculture sector employees largest number of people even today in India.
7. The situation where people are made to work less than their potential is known as under employment. Under employment is also known as disguised unemployment because it is hidden and not clearly visible as unemployment.
8. Disguised unemployment is mostly observed in agriculture in India.
9. Employment is classified into two types based on nature of employment like organised employment and unorganised employment.
10. Organised employment has fixed work hours, regular salary payment, provident fund, medical benefits, pension after retirement etc.
11. Unorganised sector has no fixed hours, no regular payment of salary, no facility of provident fund, pension, medical benefits etc.
12. Workers in organised sector can enjoy security of employment.
13. Small and scattered units which are outside the control of the government come under the un-organised sector.
14. The un-paid work is done mostly by women even today, in India and across the globe.
15. Nearly 80% of rural households in India are small and marginal farmers category.
16. In the urban areas, un-organised sector comprises mainly of workers in small scale industry. Casual workers in construction, trade and transport.
17. Protection and support to the un-organised sector workers and necessary for both economic and social development.
18. Today we not only have to generate new employment opportunities but also train many workers to work efficiently and with machines.
19. We should invest in many industries in both rural and semi urban areas so that we are able to produce many more goods and services.
20. During 2004 -05, 92% of all workers contributed 50% of GDP where as only 8% of people had decent employment and contributed 50% of GDP.