UNIT - V
B: Reading: The storeyed House - II
 

GIST:
  The news was spread like a cry from the roof tops that Bayaji was building a storeyed house. Dattaram Vadar was given the contract of construction work on the foundation had started. Kondiba, who had only one storeyed house in the village, didn't tolerate and warned not to build the storeyed house.
  One day Bayaji saw Kondiba coming towards him and greeted him. "It's with your blessings that I have ventured on this storeyed house". "Baiju, you shouldn't lose your head simply, Do you aspire to an equal status with us by building this house? The poor should remain content with their cottage, understand?" Kondiba remarked sharply.
  No Patil, please don't misunderstand me! Bayaji was a little dizzy with nervousness. You may go in for a storeyed house only if you don't wish to stay in this village. I hope you know what I mean Kondiba shot out as a warning. Other ruffians in the village threatened in a similar manner. Bayaji abandoned previous plan and planned three portioned house.
  The house was completed and the traditional house warming ceremony was planned. Invitations were sent to relatives in different villages. The village elders by convention, could not be invited to meal or refreshments, so they were invited to the ceremonial 'pan-supari'. In the evening four petromax lights were hung in the four corners of pandal. Framed pictures of great man like Lord Buddha, Dr. B.R.Ambedkar, Karam veer Bhaurao patil, Mahatma Jyotiba Phule and others hung on the walls.
  Well known devotional singers kadegaonkar Buwa, Parasu Buwa, Kalekar Bapu master, Jija Buwa and Vithoba of wadgaon came with their troops. Kondiba Patil Bhujaba and four or five seasoned rascals came to ceremony and felt uneasy about the branded house. Bayaji offered them the customary betel leaves. Patil accepted but immediately gave it back to Bayaji with the remark yes it's all very nice! Bayaji asked why don't you accept betel leaves? Bhujaba smiled artificially and said it's enough that your offering is honoured is it also necessary to eat? We will make a move now with this kondiba, Bhujaba and his companions went. They eyed one another as it to say, the untouchable warm has got a swollen head, he needs proper handling. 
  Bayaji fed all his guests with meal of shira and puri and then sessions of social devotional songs began. Among the Bhajan singers Kalekar Bapu has a superior voice. Kadegaonkar Buwa was better at classical singing. Devotional songs were sung in praise of Dr. B.R.Ambedkar and Lord Buddha. People swayed their heads in appreciation as the programme gathered momentum. Bayaji's children were busy preparing tea for a second round.
  Bayaji's new house had caught fire from all sides, Bayaji was frantic, ran around crying 'My house' my storeyed house! It's fire. My enemy has taken revenge on me. He entered the roaring flames and climbed up, pulled the pictures of Buddha and Babasaheb and hurled them down. The staircase had collapsed and then the upper storey itself came down with a crash and along with it Bayaji, with a resounding thud.
  People pulled him out. Bayaji was badly burnt and he was in great agony. He asked for water all the time. As his eyes began to roll in his head, his eldest son moved closer and asked 'Nana, what is your last wish? 'Son's I want you to build storeyed house I've no other wish' with these words, his head collapsed like the storeyed house.
  The entire family was shattered by the calamity on the next day village officers and witnesses visited the place and recorded that Bayaji's death occured due to petromax flare up. As per their father's wish after funaral the six brothers resumed with determination the work of digging the foundation of two storeyed house.
 

పాఠ్య సారాంశం
  Bayaji అంతుస్తు ఇల్లు నిర్మిస్తున్నాడని గ్రామమంతా తెలుస్తుంది. గ్రామంలో ఒక Kondiba patil కు మాత్రమే అంతస్తు ఇల్లు ఉంది. బలహీన వర్గానికి చెందిన వ్యక్తి మేడ నిర్మించడం గ్రామపెద్దలు జీర్ణించు కోలేకపోతారు. కట్టవద్దని హెచ్చరికలు చేశారు. ఒక రోజు Kondiba patil తన వైపు రావడాన్ని చూసి Bayaji నమస్కారం చేశాడు. 'మీ ఆశీర్వాదంతో మేడ ఇల్లు నిర్మించుకుంటున్నా అని అనగానే, 'మేడ ఇల్లు నిర్మించి మాతోపాటు సమానంగా ఉండాలనుకుంటున్నావేమో, నువ్వు నీ స్థాయిని మరచి ప్రవర్తిస్తున్నావు, పేదవాళ్లు ఉండేది పూరి గుడిసెల్లోనే, అర్థమైందని అనుకుంటున్నా అని Kondiba హెచ్చరిస్తాడు. 'మీరు నన్ను తప్పుగా అర్థం చేసుకుంటున్నారు అని Bayaji అంటాడు. 'ఊర్లో ఉండేది లేకుంటే ఇల్లు కట్టుకో, నా ఉద్దేశం అర్థమైందనుకుంటున్నాను అని వెళ్లిపోతాడు పాటిల్.
  Bayaji భయంతో ఇంటి ప్లాన్‌ను మార్పు చేసి మూడు పోర్షన్ల ఇంటిని సంప్రదాయ పద్ధతిలో నిర్మించి 'గృహ ప్రవేశానికి వేర్వేరు ఊళ్లలో ఉన్న బంధువులను ఆహ్వానిస్తాడు. బుద్ధ భగవానుడు, బాబాసాహెబ్ అంబేడ్కర్, కర్మవీర్ బాహురావు పాటిల్, జ్యోతిబాపులే లాంటి వారి చిత్రపటాలను గోడకు అమర్చుతాడు. ప్రసిద్ధి గాంచిన సాంఘిక భక్తి పాటలు పాడే గాయకులైన ఖాడే గావంకర్ బువా, పరశుబువా, కాలేకర్ బాపు, జీజాబువా, విఠోబా మొదలైనవారు తమ దళంతో విచ్చేస్తారు. ఊరి పెద్దలను మాత్రం భోజనానికి పిలవకుండా సంప్రదాయ 'పాన్ సుపారీ' కార్యక్రమానికి ఆహ్వానిస్తాడు.
  Kondiba patil, Bhujaba నలుగురైదుగురు గ్రామ పెద్దలు విచ్చేస్తారు. Bayaji అందరికీ సంప్రదాయ 'తమలపాకులు ఇస్తాడు. Patil తీసుకుని తిరిగి ఇస్తాడు. ఎందుకు తిరిగి ఇస్తున్నారని Bayaji అడుగుతాడు. Patil కృత్రిమంగా నవ్వుతూ నువ్వు సమర్పించింది చాలు, తినాల్సిన అవసరముందా అంటాడు. అందరూ లేచి అంటరానివాడు తనని తాను గొప్పవాడు అనుకుంటున్నాడు, అతడిని సరిచేయాల్సిన అవసరం ఉందని ఒకరినొకరు అనుకుంటూ వెళతారు.
  వచ్చిన అతిథులందరికీ సిరా, పూరితో కూడిన భోజనం వడ్డిస్తారు. తర్వాత సాంస్కృతిక కార్యక్రమాలు మొదలవుతాయి. కాలేకర్ బాపు భజనలను, ఖాడే గావంకర్ క్లాసికల్ పాటలను పాడతారు. ముఖ్యంగా బుద్ధ భగవానుడు, బాబాసాహెబ్ మీద పాటలు పాడతారు. వచ్చినవారు చాలా మెచ్చుకుంటారు. Bayaji పిల్లలు రెండోసారి 'టీ కాచడంలో నిమగ్నమై ఉంటారు. ఇంతలో మేడకు నిప్పు అంటుకుంటుంది.
  Bayaji బాధతో నా ఇల్లు అగ్నికి ఆహుతైపోతుందంటూ, నా శత్రువులు నా మీద ప్రతికారం తీసుకున్నారంటూ అగ్నివైపు పరిగెత్తి, పైకి ఎక్కి మహాత్ముల చిత్రపటాలను లాగి కిందకి జారవిడుస్తాడు. ఇంతలో మెట్ల దిమ్మె, పైకప్పు కూలిపోతాయి. అతడిని బయటకు లాగుతారు. నా ఇల్లు, ఇల్లు అని ఇంకా అంటూ ఉంటాడు. శరీరం పూర్తిగా కాలిపోతుంది. పెద్ద కొడుకు 'నీ చివరి కోరిక ఏమని Bayajiని అడగగా, 'అంతస్తుల ఇల్లు కట్టండి అని చెప్పి మేడ కూలినట్లుగా 'తల' కిందికి వేస్తాడు. ఉదయాన్నే గ్రామ అధికారులు, సాక్షులు వచ్చి పెట్రోమ్యాక్స్ దీపం వల్ల ఇల్లు కాలి మంటల్లో Bayaji చనిపోయాడని ధ్రువీకరిస్తారు. అంత్యక్రియల అనంతరం కుమారులు తండ్రి కోరిక మేరకు రెండతస్తుల ఇంటిని నిర్మించడం మొదలుపెడతారు.

Glossary
cry from the rooftops (idiom) = public announcement
lose your (one's) head (idiom) = not to have control of your emotions.
turn one's (your) head (idiom) = cause to become conceited
breath lost (idiom) = die
shot (shoot) out (Phr.v) = went (go) out
betel leaves (phr) = leaves offered in ceremonies of Hindu culture (tamalapakulu)
swollen head (phr) = a person who thinks that he is more important than he really
rent (rend) the air (idiom) = sound piercingly
gulped down (phr.v) = controlled emotions by swallowing hard.
rest in peace (idiom) = an expression used to wish eternal peace and rest to someone who has died.
 

Compound Adjectives
  A compound adjective is made by joining two or more than two adjectives before a noun. The meaning of the compound adjective may be different from the meanings of its components. Compound adjectives may have a hyphen (-) between them as in two - storeyed house.
e.g.: house - warming ceremony
      life - time
      helter - skelter
      thirty - five years
      age - old custom
      pan - supari
      loft - like
 

Fill in the blanks below with the appropriate adjectives + noun from the box.

   Raghu was a ......... (1). He was an ......... (2). He was a hard working person. He was loved by all for his .......... (3). He build a .........(4) in his village. It was his ......... (5). On the day of the house - warming ceremony on of his friends presented him with a ......... (6). He felt very happy and thanked him.
Answers
1) thirty - five year old man
2) open - minded person
3) soft - spoken words
4) two - storeyed house
5) life - time desire
6) water - proof watch
 

Phrasal verbs:
  Phrasal verb is a verb followed by a preposition or an adverbial particle. These give us a single independent unit of meaning.
e.g.: Take out = To remove something from inside
Set up = To arrnage for something; to happen/ to start
Look into = To observe one self keenly
Look at = To have a look at something
Leave behind = To leave something as a token of memory or gift
Give out = To come to an end
Set aside = To save something for future needs
1) After a month their food supplies gave out. 
2) She set aside money for her future needs.
 

Phrasal verbs are two types
1) Inseparable phrasal verbs
2) Separable phrasal verbs
1. Inseparable phrasal verbs: In these verbs, the lexical part of the phrasal verb cannot be separated from the preposition that accompanies it.
e.g.: She takes after her mother.
2. Separable phrasal verbs: The object may come after the lexical part of the phrasal verb or it may come after the phrasal verb.
e.g.: a) He brought his son up or He brought up his son. 
b) He filled up his form or He filled his form up.
c) He burnt him up.
Note: As you can see in sentence (iii) above, if the verb in a phrasal verb is followed by a pronoun, the participle can change its position.
 

A: Guess the meaning of the following phrasal verbs and then check them with the help of a dictionary. Rewrite the sentences that followed using phrasal verbs.
wear out, wind up, spring up, drop off, dash off, see off, knock down, set on, put off, hang around.
1. The farmer threatened to make his dogs to attack us.
2. I went to the airport to say good bye to my uncle.
3. We had to wait near the office until it was opened.
4. I fell into a light sleep by the end of the film.
5. New Schools are beginning to exist now.
6. We decided to finish the work by 5 PM.
7. His shoes have become very thin. They are no longer used.
8. She left the meeting quickly to pickup her daughter.
9. The wedding is postponed to the next month.
10. The bus dashed him and he fell down on the road.
Answers:
1. The farmer set on to make his dogs to attack us.
2. I went to the airport to see off my uncle.
3. We had to hang around near the office, until it was opened.
4. I dash off a light sleep by the end of the film.
5. New Schools are springing upto exist now.
6. We decided to wind up the work by 5 PM.
7.  His shoes have wornout very thin. They are no longer used.
8. She left the meeting quickly to drop off her daughter.
9. The wedding is putoff to the next month.
10. The bus dashed him and he knocked down on the road.
 

B. Fill in the blanks in the following sentences with appropriate phrasal verbs given below. Make necessary changes in the verb forms if necessary.
turn up, give in, put out, cut down, get through, send for, take after, make out, break down, call for.
1. Ramesh made a mistake for which his officer ........... an explanation. (called for)
2. You must .......... your expenses, otherwise you will be in trouble. (cut down)
3. There is no doubt, he will .......... the examination as he has worked hard for all these days. (get through)
4. I am unable to .......... what they are saying because I don't know Tamil. (make out)
5. The gang of terrorists .......... to the army after a long exchange of fire. (give in)
6. We took a car for rent for our forest trip. In the middle of the forest it ..........(break down)
7. The olympic flame is usually .......... after completion of all the events. (put out)
8. Inspite of his repeated promises, he did not .......... (turn up)
9. The T.V. making a terrible noise, please .......... a mechanic to reapair it. (send for)
10. Everybody says that Gopi .......... his father. (take after)
 

Idioms:
  Idiom is a mode of expression peculiar to language. It is a group of words in a fixed order that has a particular meaning that is different from the meanings of each word understood on its own. Idioms cannot be translated word for word. They have become fixed through regular use with their figurative meanings. They should be used in their correct forms without dropping, adding or replacing any word.
e.g.: I only wish to build a shelter for my family, Then I shall be free to "breathe my last".
In the sentence above "breathe my last" in an idiomatic expression which means "to die".
 

A. Choose the correct words from the brackets to complete the following idioms in the sentences.
1. When I arrived here, I felt like a .......... out of water. (prawn, fish, crab)
2. He is an out spoken man. He .......... spade a spade. (calls, says, pronounces)
3. The parents got their daughter married. Now they are ............. free. (house, residence, home)
4. Don't tell me cock and .......... story. (hen, bull, cat)
5. You are a bit of a .......... horse. (quiet, dark, black)
Answers:
1) fish       2) calls       3) home       4) bull       5) dark
 

Meanings of some idioms:
1. Bite the bullet = To accept something unpleasant without complaining
2. Lose heart = Be discouraged
3. Let the cat out of the bag = Reveal a secret
4. At sixes and sevens = A state of confusion or disarray
5. Grease one's palm = Bribe somebody
6. An uphill battle = Something that is very difficult to do or needs a lot of determination
7. Move heaven and earth = Try very hard.
 

Contractions
  Forms like it's, I've, won't, can't are called contractions.
e.g.: 1) 'No sir, my service is over, I've turned sixty'.
2) 'Oh, it's mine, please lower it down'.
3) You can do maths well, can't you?
 

Adverbial Cluases
  The clauses containing linkers or conjunctions are called adverbial clauses. These adverbial clauses can't stand independently, so they are called dependent clauses or subordinate clauses.
  The linkers as, when and since etc (adverbs) are placed before the clauses to make subordinate clause.
e.g.: 1) As he reached Kadam's house, he saw Bhujaba coming towards him.
     2) When she heard of Bayaji's arrival, her heart swelled.
     3) You may go in for a storeyed house only if you don't wish to stay in this village.
 

Types of adverbial clauses

A.
1. As Bayaji neared Buddha Vihar, the children came running to him. (Adverb of place)
2. Since they knew that Bayaji was coming home for good, the elder son in service and two daughters were already home to greet him.   (Adverb of manner)
3. Bayaji was amused that his daughters thought in their childish manner even after they had children of their own.   (Adverb of manner)
4. Bhujaba didn't respect Bayaji because the latter was a Mahar.  (Adverb of reason)
5. If you want to live happily, you must quit the idea of building a storeyed house.  (Adverb of condition)
 

B. Combine the pairs of sentences to make one using the words given in brackets.
1. He forgot his position as a Hindu. He turned a Buddhist. (because)
2. Bayaji came home. His wife felt very happy. (as)
3. Bayaji's children came home. Bayaji returned. (since)
4. You may not attend the class. You don't want to come again. (if)
5. Bayaji was about to come down the stairs. Then it crumbled down in flames. (when)
Answers
1. He forgot his position because he turned a Buddhist.
2. As Bayaji came home, his wife felt very happy.
3. Bayaji's children came home since Bayaji returned.
4. You may not attend the class, if you don't want to come again.
5. When Bayaji was about to come down the stairs, it crumbled down in flames.
 

Newspaper report writing
  The following tips are useful in Newspaper report writing.
1. What is the report about?
2. When did the incident happen?
3. Where did the incident happen?
4. How did the incident happen?
5. What are the other details?
 

What is the structure of the first report?
Headline: It is brief, simple and catchy. It says what the news is about. Place of the news report:
First sentence: It is the summary of the event. It tells about who, what, where and when.
Next sentences: The lead from the topic sentence or the first sentence to further details. They give the details of the person and the incident.
e.g.: Read 1 and 2 news reports of the same incident from different papers.
 

Report: 1
Jawan from Mahabubnagar killed in Srinagar attack

MAHABUBNAGAR:
  Jawan from Andhra Pradesh was among the eight men of the Indian Army killed in Monday's terror attack in Srinagar.
  M.Yadaiah (28) was from Mahabubnagar district, officials said. He joined the Army in 2003. His body is likely to be flown into Hyderabad on Thursday.
  It will then be taken to his village for cremation. Yadaiah who belonged to Scheduled Castes joined the Army in 2003 and married Sumathi in 2009. He is survived by wife and two daughters Rashmitha (3) and Ashwitha (10 months).
  He studied SSC at Kalwakurthy and while studying Intermediate first year he joined the Army as signal man. Minister for Information and Public Relations D.K.Aruna and District collector M.Girija Shankar conveyed condolences to the family members of the deceased Army Jawan.
  Eight soldiers were killed when two militants opened fire and lobbed grenades on an Army convoy on the outskirts of Srinagar.

Source: The Hindu, June 25-2013.
 

Report: 2
AP Jawan killed in Srinagar attack

Hyderabad: M.Yadaiah, a 28 year-old jawan from Andhra Pradesh, was among the eight soldiers killed when militants opened fire in Jammu and Kashmir's Srinagar.
  The young man, who joined the Indian armed force in 2003, had been transferred to Kashmir a few years ago. Incidentally, he was slated to come home on a visit soon.
  Yadaiah's brother M.Raju said, "At around 8 am on Tuesday, we received the sad news and the entire family feels shattered. Yadaiah's wife Sumathi is in a state of shock. His elder daughter is just 3 years old and the younger one is a few months old." Raju added, "In April, Yadaiah was in Kondareddypally of Kalwakurti mandal, Mahabubnagar on a short visit. I never knew that it will be his last visit home. Yadaiah was supposed to visit us before year end."
  According to Army officials, M.Yadaiah's mortal remains will reach Shamshabad airport at around 8.50 am on June 27 (Thurs day). There will be a wreath laying ceremony in the cargo area and later, at 10 am, the body will be taken by road to his native village where his last rites will be performed with military honours.

Source: Deccan Chronicle, June 25-2013.
 

Now write a news paper report on Bayaji's death?
  Bayaji's new house caught fire badly burnt alive with great agony:-
Nagpur: Bayaji, a 60-year-old retired servant burnt alive in a fire accident of newly constructed house.
The old man, Bayaji, Mahar by caste, who have worked honestly for the past thirty five years in the dockyard, Bombay and had retired from his service two months ago. After retirement he came to his house with his retirement benefits of Rs.2500. He constructed a three-portioned house. On the opening day of the house, all the relatives came. Guests were fed with meal of shira and puris. After eating the dinner all the guests being listened social devotional songs. Suddenly the undreamt of incident took place.
  The new house had caught fire from all sides. In the accident Bayaji was badly burnt and was in great agony. His eldest son moved closer and asked "nana, what's your last wish?" "Sons! I want you to build a storeyed house". With these words, his head collapsed like a storeyed house.
  In the morning, the village officers and witnesses visited the place to record the facts of the accident. "Bayaji's death was the result of an accident due to petro max flare up" was their conclusion.
  The house was burning before the house - warming ceremony was over and Bayaji was in ashes in the cemetry instead of enjoying the comforts of a retired life.
 

(Writer : Satyanarayana Rao)